COLREG Rule 12 – Sailing Vessels

When two sailing vessels are approaching one another with a risk of collision, COLREG Rule 12 determines which vessel must keep clear based on the direction of the wind. Understanding these simple right-of-way rules is essential for safe navigation and collision avoidance.

Vessel with wind on the port side must keep out of the way

Vessel with wind on the starboard side is the stand-on vessel

If both vessels have the wind on the same side, the windward vessel keeps clear of the leeward vessel

If a vessel with wind on the port side cannot determine the other vessel's windward side, she must keep out of the way

Take early, positive, and obvious action to avoid close-quarters situations

️ Misjudging wind direction, delaying action, or failing to identify the give-way vessel can quickly lead to dangerous situations. Good seamanship and strict compliance with COLREG Rule 12 help ensure safe navigation for all sailing vessels.

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